2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging to delineate the exact boundary and true thickness of granular aquifers

Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is one of the best geophysical techniques for studying subsurface and groundwater aquifer investigations. In clastic sediments, determining exact boundary between different layers on inverse section ERI not an easy task due to gradual changes in surrounding granular aquifers. Therefore, main aim study indicate a more precise aquifers (true thickness aquifers) section. Two models were used: field model laboratory model, four locations selected. They are located (Kalar, Chamchamal, Bazyan, Piramagroon), within Sulaymaniyah Governorate, NE Iraq. Two-dimensional (2D) electrical was carried out along profiles 355 m length with five-meter electrode spacing. The Wenner-Schlumberger array used recording data. For lab geological constructed has length, height, width equal 192, 65, 45 cm, respectively. synthetic this they have lengths 190 cm spacing 10 cm. results indicated that sediments sections always showed anomalies apparent thicknesses larger than their true thicknesses, which obtained from column wells. studied locations, aquifers' average approximately 68.2% sections. result also unsaturated gravel 59.7% anomaly, formed by dry layer. Also, saturated about 57.1% Moreover, higher layer (dry gravel) creates narrower transitional zone clay lower resistivity.